AXIOLOGY OF HUMAN FREEDOM: PHILOSOPHICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of philosophical and legal views on the axiology of human freedom. The modern philosophical and legal concept of freedom as a category of natural law is based on the achievements and views of philosophers of different eras. This is due to the fact that freedom is one of the eternal philosophical and legal problems, because it permeates all aspects of human activity. One of the most important methodological problems of the theory of law and legal practice is the mediation of the right to freedom both at the level of society and especially at the level of the individual in order to create conditions for harmonious human development, interaction with other people, society and nature. The importance of solving this problem is due to the fact that true freedom is based not only and not so much on law as a system of binding legal norms, but on law as one of the most important social regulatory elements of human life, which limits the arbitrariness of their individual and collective behavior. as a true understanding of being. The article focuses on the discussion of philosophers of law on the problem of realization of human freedom. Th e article examines the views of leading European philosophers of law (E. Fromm, F. Petrarch, L. Walla, J. Mirandola, J. Bruno, M. Luther, B. Spinoza, T. Hobbes, J. Locke, S.-L. Montesquieu, J.-J. Rousseau) to understand the category of “freedom”. The vast majority of people seem to have a common understanding of what freedom is, but from the point of view of science, that is, objective and evidentiary research, to study and analyze freedom as a phenomenon is extremely difficult. This paradox is a practical, everyday and obvious clarity for most people and an extremely difficult theoretical understanding of the concept of freedom for members of the scientifi c community due to certain reasons.